Many Nigeria's individuals with glaucoma are losing vision because they cannot afford glaucoma treatment. A work, “Should glaucoma be public funded in Nigeria?,” was conducted and written into articles. The objective of this article was to present the work's background, glaucoma overview, research question, rationale, and overview of the work. The work is an ethical (normative) study advocating public-funded glaucoma treatment. Relevant literatures were reviewed and cited. The rationale for the study includes inability of individuals with glaucoma to afford treatment, poor treatment compliance due to poverty, absent universal healthcare insurance, and negative impact of glaucoma on quality life. The work overview includes strong rebuttal of oppositions to public-funded glaucoma treatment; adverse effect of glaucoma on visual function domains, quality of life, daily activities, health, education, economy, and work; three-level budgetary glaucoma funding – macro, meso, and micro-allocations vis–a-vis a justice-based glaucoma funding through a two-tiered healthcare system, namely, tier-one providing basic universal health care for glaucoma at no cost at the point of delivery and tier-two covering all imaginable glaucoma care but at the client's expense are suggested.

Introduction: This research study was carried out to assess the perceived impact of stress on academic performance among undergraduate nursing students of the University of Jos. Research Design: The research design was a correlational descriptive study. Sampling was not needed since the entire population of 208 were used as participants for the study. An instrument for data collection was structured questionnaire. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, i.e., frequency, mean and percentage, and data presented in tables. Results: Results revealed that the common stressors found among undergraduate students and their (stressors') degree of influence on academic performance are finance; M = 3.5, exam; M = 3.5 among others had a strong influence, course load; M = 2.7 continuous assessment; 2.8 mean among others had a mild influence while overcrowded classroom and others fairly influence nursing students academic performance. The academic performance of undergraduate nursing students was satisfactory with 189 (81.7%) of the students having a cumulative grade point average between second class upper and second class lower. Nursing students perceived stress to have a negative impact on their academic performance. Being optimistic, having a relaxed state of mind were among other methods used by nursing students to cope with stress. Conclusion and Recommendation: The researcher concluded that stress is perceived by undergraduate nursing students of the University of Jos, to have a negative impact on their academic performance and recommended that the university/department introduce stress coping skills in the planning of undergraduate curriculum among others. Nursing students recommended that lecturers should be more friendly; financial burden be reduced on students, among others, as ways to help them cope with stress.

Background: Stroke is the rapidly developing loss of brain functions due to a disturbance in the blood vessels supplying blood to the brain. Stroke has many risk factors, prominent among which is diabetes mellitus (DM); a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. Hyperglycemia may arise in people with acute ischaemic stroke in previously diabetic patients as well as those without a previous history of diabetes. Given the importance of diabetes as a modifiable risk factor for stroke, we decided to study the prevalence of diabetes among Nigerians with stroke. Methods: Samples of random blood sugar and fasting blood sugar were collected from 120 patients with Ischaemic Stroke admitted into the medical ward, however only the fasting blood glucose sample were used. Ischaemic stroke was confirmed clinically using WHO criteria and radiologically by cranial computed tomography scan or MRI were included in this study. Results: There were 66 (55%) male patients with Ischaemic stroke and females 54 (45%). Their ages range from 30-90 years, out of which majority 68 (57%) was between 50 and 69 years of age. In our study, we found 66 (55%) of the patients had fasting hyperglycaemia; 42 (35%) were newly diagnosed while 24 (20%) were previously known diabetics. Conclusion: It is well known that diabetes mellitus is a risk factor and may contribute to stroke; therefore effort should be made at screen patient with diabetes in our clinics. This is particularly pertinent since some of patients with diabetes were only diagnosed after stroke.

Objective: Ours' is a major referral center in southern Nigeria which now offers an organized cervical cancer screening and treatment program. Total abdominal hysterectomy is a commonly performed procedure in this center, and this study is aimed at ascertaining its frequency, indications, and safety in line with current reproductive health best practice. Methodology: A descriptive study of consecutive patients who had total abdominal hysterectomy for various benign and malignant indications during the period from January 2009 to December 2013 was conducted. Data extracted from the case files included age, parity, indications for surgery, and postoperative complications. Data were analyzed using Computer Programs for EPIdemiologist (PEPI) and presented in frequency tables. Results: Total abdominal hysterectomy accounted for 13.4% of all major gynecological operations. Majority of the women were in their fifth decade of life (88.5%) and parity of 5 and above (50%). The most common indications were uterine fibroids (50.4%) and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (17.1%). Postoperative morbidity was recorded in 46 (18.3%) cases, and these were significantly more in premalignant/malignant cases (P < 0.05). The most common postoperative complications were pyrexia (9.5%), wound infection (7.5%), and anemia (6.3%). There was no mortality. Conclusion: Total abdominal hysterectomy is a common procedure in this center; we can hypothesize that the triad of uterine fibroids, age ≥45, and a high parity increases its likelihood in this center. While the most common indication still remains uterine fibroids, we also note increasing cases of hysterectomy for cervical dysplasia/malignancy (courtesy cancer screening services). Although not complication free, overall the procedure is relatively safe and should be offered to selected patient as appropriate.

Background: Knowledge of basic life support (BLS) is an absolute necessity for dental professionals to face acute dental emergencies. Aim and Objectives: The present study was aimed to assess the awareness, knowledge, and perception about BLS among dental interns of Dera Bassi, Punjab and further to determine self-rated ability to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation/BLS including knowledge of automated external defibrillators. Methodology: A descriptive questionnaire study was done on 99 dental interns. Questionnaire consisted of 19 questions which included the data pertaining to demographic details, awareness, and knowledge of BLS. Descriptive statistics were compiled. Further, comparison based on gender was done using independent t-test. Results: All the study participants were aware of the BLS and its usefulness. The mean knowledge score was found to be 11.13 ± 2.64. 3%. Most of the study participants (36.04%) were having average knowledge followed by fair knowledge score (29.30%). Females were having more BLS knowledge as compared to males. Conclusion: The study indicates average knowledge of BLS among dental interns. The present study highlights the need for a structured training of BLS and inclusion of BLS in the dental academic curriculum.

Claude syndrome refers to the association of unilateral oculomotor and/or trochlear palsy of midbrain origin with contralateral ataxia. Detailed description of this syndrome is rare, partly due to the rarity of its occurrence. This is a report of two patients who presented to us with features suggestive of Claude syndrome.

Umbilical vein thrombosis accompanies umbilical cord abnormalities that cause blood vessel ectasia and lead to perinatal mortality. The precise diagnosis and management remains an unsolved puzzle to clinicians. This is to report a case of umbilical cord thrombosis in a patient with intrauterine fetal demise and propose an addendum to the current management. Early detection of umbilical cord abnormalities, intensive fetal monitoring, prompt intervention, and preemptive delivery may prevent perinatal mortality.

Uterocutaneous fistula that was present in a 36-year-old para 1⁺⁰ alive is reported. The presenting complaint was of simultaneous retrograde cyclical effluent of menstrual blood through an abdominal sinus that developed after cesarean section. Diagnosis was confirmed by hysterosalpingogram. Surgical excision of the fistula was carried out successfully.